Thursday, June 9, 2016

Biometric Privacy Should Be an Important Legal Priority

By  LXBN | June 9, 2016

Almost all new cell phones come equipped with some sort of fingerprint scanner, aimed to help users secure their phones so they can keep their files, finances, and data to themselves. It’s time we start protecting that.

The password is increasingly cited as insecure (even Mark Zuckerberg isn’t safe from password hackers), and the social security system was never designed to be secure in the first place. Fingerprints are difficult to steal, and they are literally at a user’s fingertips at any point in time; they’re the perfect password successor. Of course, that’s if there’s a system in place to keep them safe.


Until now the most lasting and ubiquitous means of authentic security has been social security numbers. But social security numbers face a difficult quandary: Currently they are used as both identifiers and authenticators. The things which keep us secure (like PIN codes or passwords) are supposed to be private, not used as a way for us to identify ourselves. And yet, these numbers are routinely used with cell phone companies, cable providers, and more to help verify users. Many states have stepped up to help restrict the use and retain the privacy of social security numbers. Now it might be time that fingerprints, and other biometric data, gets the same treatment.

Currently users have very limited options for protecting what biometric data is protected by them. The most talked about protections are in Illinois, where amendments to the state’s Personal Information Protection Act (PIPA) that take effect January 1, 2017 will expand the definition of “personal information” to include medical information, health insurance information, or unique biometric data. Texas has a comparable law, which similarly covers “biometric identifiers” to include retina and iris scans, fingerprints, voiceprints, hand geometry, and face geometry. Illinois also features the Biometric Information Privacy Act (BIPA) which since 2008 has required companies to get a person’s explicit consent before a company can make a scan of their body (and features a publishing schedule for destroying that information).

And according to David Almeida, Laura Jehl and Paul Werner  from Eye on Privacy, the law has caught a lot of high profile flies in its web—increasingly so, as of late:

Over the last year, more than a half dozen class action lawsuits have been filed under the BIPA. Google, Shutterfly and a handful of social media companies have each been sued over the alleged use of facial geometry recognition software used for photo tagging. Palm Beach Tan and LA Tan were each sued over the alleged use of fingerprint data to act as a membership card, and Smarte Carte was sued over the alleged use of fingerprint security technology to lock and unlock lockers. Daycare company Crème de la Crème was sued recently over the alleged use of fingerprint technology to ensure the secure pickup of children.

…Expect the growth in BIPA class actions to continue. Not only will use of biometric data by tech and other companies continue to grow as new services and product offerings come online, but the variety of defendants already facing BIPA claims – including the recent lawsuit against the Crème de la Crème daycare company – suggests that plaintiffs’ counsel have broadened their focus from the tech industry and may assert claims against employers, childcare facilities, healthcare companies and the financial services industry. Whether it is businesses protecting trade secrets through fingerprint access, childcare facilities using fingerprint technology for secure child pickup, health insurers collecting biometrics outside of the treatment setting or banks using fingerprints for account access, the list of possible defendants is extensive.

According to them, there’s only going to be an influx of litigation under statutes like this one as biometric data use and collection increases.

Which is good because biometric data collection is happening everywhere these days: the church, your apps,the corner store, social media sites. Even the government is getting in on the action. Essentially data collection is coming from all sides, and people are starting to fear that attacks to these protections are too.

Last month reports started rolling in of a proposed amendment to BIPA that would rule out scans of preexisting photography, which would conveniently wipe out three lawsuits brought against Snapchat, Facebook, and Google Photos and possibly even shape legislation and litigation in other states that have or are contemplating laws like BIPA. The amendment did not survive, but advocates worry that it’s only one part of a bigger trend. This week, the EFF came to the case by reporting on the danger of corporate facial recognition technology, right after they released a report of tattoo recognition research from the FBI and NIST that “threatens free speech and privacy.”

“The future of biometric privacy will require all of our constant vigilance,” said the EFF in their article on the subject. “We must enact and enforce new statutes, at the federal and state levels, requiring private groups to obtain consent before subjecting us to facial recognition technologies or otherwise collecting our biometric identifiers…Most importantly, we must ensure that future generations enjoy the anonymity of crowded places. People should be free to go about their business in public areas without businesses using their faces, without their permission, to automatically track where they are going and what they are doing.”

And that’s a point that’s more important than strictly privacy concerns. Social security numbers and passwords can be changed—perhaps laboriously, but ultimately breaches can be remedied. The same is not as easily said for a fingerprint or iris scan. It’s part of the appeal, and part of what makes a potential breach so daunting. Protecting the security of biometric identifiers is more than just more privacy concerns. It’s quite literally personal security at stake.



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