#Petro_Kalnyshevsky (1691?
– 31 October 1803) was the last Koshovyi Otaman of the Zaporozhian Host,
serving in 1762 and from 1765 to 1775. Kalnyshevsky was the Hero in the
Russo-Turkish war of 1768-1774 and was honoured with a gold medal with
brilliants for courage.
Being the
leader of the Zaporozhian Host, Kalnyshevsky defended the rights of cossacks and their
independence from increasing Imperial Russian influence, and
encouraged agriculture development and trade in the Zaporizhian steppe.
After the
destruction of the Zaporizhian Sich,
Kalnyshevsky was arrested, tried and exiled to Solovetsky Monastery, without a right of
correspondence or socialization with anyone. He was paid one rouble a day for
his room and board, 40 times an average inmate.
He used the money save to
purchase a decorated Bible eventually inherited by the monastery. In 1792 he
was transferred to solitary confinement at the Povarnya jail, where he remained
until 1802.
Being pardoned
by Emperor Alexander at the age of 110 years, Kalnyshevsky (already blind
at that time) decided to remain in the monastery, where he died 2 years later
in 1803.
Kalnyshevsky was canonized by the Ukrainian Orthodox
Church (Kyiv Partiarchate) in 2008.
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